Store bought panels will typically have a protection diode already in place. Modern charge controllers all perform the blocking diode function no need to add another one.

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Because electricity takes the path of least resistance it is easier for the current to go through the diode than through the shaded cell so it does.

Diode parallel solar cell. Bypass diodes are built into the panels. Preferably there will be one bypass diode for each and every solar cell but this is more expensive so that there is one diode per small group of series connected solar cells. The diode is wired in parallel with the cells.
Parallel connection of two identical solar panels if we have two solar panels of the same voltage and power the connection is very easy. Blocking diodes will be of benefit in any system using solar panels to charge a battery. If you place your panels all in the sun you dont need blocking diodes.
Blocking diodes are used differently than bypass diodes. They are normally connected along with the several solar cells where no current is allowed to pass through them in the case when all the cells are in use without any shading. Diodes regulators and solar panels.
Solar panels in parallel and series is a really important topic though especially if theyre shaded so well leave the best till last. A solar panel it a grouping of cells in a seriesparallel configuration of one form or another typically inside a housing. However in the dark when no voltage is being produced by the panels the voltage of the battery would cause a current to flow in the opposite direction through the panels discharging the battery if it was not for the blocking diode in the circuit.
A solar cell is a stand alone silicone wafer with no other wafers soldered to it and its not in any kind of housing. Most solar panels have bypass diodes built in these days so you typically wont have to worry about that anymore. This minimizes the heat gain and reduces current loss.
More than 2 strings in parallel need fuses on each string. As is clearly visible in the figure below it will be sufficient to connect the positive terminal of one panel to the positive pole of the other. A solar panel consists of a number of cells in series which makes up a total voltage of around 17 to 23 volts for a 12volt panel.
Panels in the shade are useless. Bypass diodes are used in parallel with either a single or a number of photovoltaic solar cells to prevent the currents flowing from good well exposed to sunlight solar cells overheating and burning out weaker or partially shaded solar cells by providing a current path around the bad cell.

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